Answers for Wooldridge

Different REGRESSION After finishing this section, you ought to have the option to: comprehend model structure utilizing various relapse examination apply numerous relapse investigation to business dynamic circumstances break down and decipher the PC yield for a numerous relapse model test the importance of the free factors in a various relapse model utilize variable changes to demonstrate nonlinear connections perceive possible issues in various relapse investigation and find a way to address the issues. ncorporate subjective factors into the relapse model by utilizing sham factors. Different Regression Assumptions The blunders are regularly disseminated The mean of the mistakes is zero Errors have a consistent difference The model blunders are autonomous Model Specification Decide what you need to do and choose the reliant variable Determine the likely free factors for your model Gather test information (perceptions) for all factors The Correlation Matrix Correlation between the ne edy variable and chose free factors can be discovered utilizing Excel:Tools/Data Analysis†¦/Correlation Can check for measurable noteworthiness of relationship with a t test Example A merchant of solidified desert pies needs to assess factors thought to impact request Dependent variable: Pie deals (units every week) Independent factors: Price (in $) Advertising ($100’s) Data is gathered for 15 weeks Pie Sales Model Sales = b0 + b1 (Price) + b2 (Advertising) Interpretation of Estimated Coefficients Slope (bi) Estimates that the normal estimation of y changes by bi units for every 1 unit increment in Xi holding every other variable constantExample: in the event that b1 = - 20, at that point deals (y) is required to diminish by an expected 20 pies for every week for each $1 increment in selling cost (x1), net of the impacts of changes because of publicizing (x2) y-block (b0) The evaluated normal estimation of y when all xi = 0 (accepting all xi = 0 is inside the scope of wa tched esteems) Pie Sales Correlation Matrix Price versus Deals : r = - 0. 44327 There is a negative relationship among cost and deals Advertising versus Deals : r = 0. 55632 There is a positive relationship among promoting and deals Scatter DiagramsComputer programming is commonly used to produce the coefficients and proportions of integrity of fit for numerous relapse Excel: Tools/Data Analysis†¦/Regression Multiple Regression Output The Multiple Regression Equation Using The Model to Make Predictions Input esteems Multiple Coefficient of Determination Reports the extent of all out variety in y clarified by all x factors taken together Multiple Coefficient of Determination Adjusted R2 never diminishes when another x variable is added to the model This can be an inconvenience when looking at modelsWhat is the net impact of including another variable? We lose a level of opportunity when another x variable is included Did the new x variable add enough informative capacity to coun terbalance the loss of one level of opportunity? Shows the extent of variety in y clarified by all x factors balanced for the quantity of x factors utilized (where n = test size, k = number of autonomous factors) Penalize unnecessary utilization of insignificant free factors Smaller than R2 Useful in looking at among models Multiple Coefficient of Determination Is the Model Significant? F-Test for Overall Significance of the ModelShows if there is a direct connection between the entirety of the x factors considered together and y Use F test measurement Hypotheses: H0: ? 1 = ? 2 = †¦ = ? k = 0 (no straight relationship) HA: in any event one ? I ? 0 (at any rate one autonomous variable influences y) F-Test for Overall Significance Test measurement: where F has (numerator) D1 = k and (denominator) D2 = (n †k †1) degrees of opportunity H0: ? 1 = ? 2 = 0 HA: ? 1 and ? 2 not both zero ( = . 05 df1= 2 df2 = 12 Are Individual Variables Significant? Use t-trial of individual v ariable inclines Shows if there is a direct connection between the variable xi and yHypotheses: H0: ? I = 0 (no direct relationship) HA: ? I ? 0 (direct relationship exists among xi and y) H0: ? I = 0 (no direct relationship) HA: ? I ? 0 (straight relationship exists among xi and y) t Test Statistic: (df = n †k †1) Inferences about the Slope: t Test Example H0: ? I = 0 HA: ? I ? 0 Confidence Interval Estimate for the Slope Standard Deviation of the Regression Model The gauge of the standard deviation of the relapse model is: Standard Deviation of the Regression Model The standard deviation of the relapse model is 47. 46 A harsh expectation go for pie deals in a given week isPie deals in the example were in the 300 to 500 every week run, so this range is most likely too enormous to possibly be satisfactory. The investigator might need to search for extra factors that can clarify a greater amount of the variety in week after week deals OUTLIERS If a perception surpasses UP=Q 3+1. 5*IQR or if a perception is littler than LO=Q1-1. 5*IQR where Q1 and Q3 are quartiles and IQR=Q3-Q1 What to do if there are exceptions? Once in a while it is suitable to erase the whole perception containing the oulier. This will for the most part increment the R2 and F test measurement esteems Multicollinearity: High connection exists between two free variablesThis implies the two factors contribute excess data to the various relapse model Including two exceptionally corresponded autonomous factors can unfavorably influence the relapse results No new data gave Can prompt temperamental coefficients (enormous standard blunder and low t-values) Coefficient signs may not coordinate earlier desires Some Indications of Severe Multicollinearity Incorrect signs on the coefficients Large change in the estimation of a past coefficient when another variable is added to the model A formerly critical variable becomes inconsequential when another free factor is addedThe gauge of the standar d deviation of the model increments when a variable is added to the model Output for the pie deals model: Since there are just two illustrative factors, only one VIF is accounted for VIF is < 5 There is no proof of collinearity among Price and Advertising Qualitative (Dummy) Variables Categorical logical variable (sham variable) with at least two levels: yes or no, on or off, male or female coded as 0 or 1 Regression blocks are unique if the variable is noteworthy Assumes equivalent slants for different factors The quantity of sham factors required is (number of levels †1)Dummy-Variable Model Example (with 2 Levels) Interpretation of the Dummy Variable Coefficient Dummy-Variable Models (multiple Levels) The quantity of sham factors is one not exactly the quantity of levels Example: y = house cost ; x1 = square feet The style of the house is likewise thought to issue: Style = farm, split level, townhouse Dummy-Variable Models (multiple Levels) Interpreting the Dummy Variable Coefficients (with 3 Levels) Nonlinear Relationships The connection between the needy variable and a free factor may not be direct Useful when disperse outline shows non-straight relationshipExample: Quadratic model The second autonomous variable is the square of the main variable Polynomial Regression Model where: ?0 = Population relapse consistent ?I = Population relapse coefficient for variable xj : j = 1, 2, †¦k p = Order of the polynomial (I = Model mistake Linear versus Nonlinear Fit Quadratic Regression Model Testing for Significance: Quadratic Model Test for Overall Relationship F test measurement = Testing the Quadratic Effect Compare quadratic model with the straight model Hypotheses (No second request polynomial term) (second request polynomial term is required) Higher Order Models Interaction EffectsHypothesizes collaboration between sets of x factors Response to one x variable changes at various degrees of another x variable Contains two-way cross item terms Effect of Interaction Without association term, impact of x1 on y is estimated by ? 1 With communication term, impact of x1 on y is estimated by ? 1 + ? 3 x2 Effect changes as x2 builds Interaction Example Hypothesize cooperation between sets of free factors Hypotheses: H0: ? 3 = 0 (no collaboration somewhere in the range of x1 and x2) HA: ? 3 ? 0 (x1 collaborates with x2) Model Building Goal is to build up a model with the best arrangement of autonomous variablesEasier to decipher if irrelevant factors are expelled Lower likelihood of collinearity Stepwise relapse system Provide assessment of elective models as factors are included Best-subset approach Try all blends and select the best utilizing the most noteworthy balanced R2 and least s? Thought: build up the least squares relapse condition in steps, either through forward choice, in reverse disposal, or through standard stepwise relapse The coefficient of incomplete assurance is the proportion of the negligible commitment of every fr ee factor, given that other autonomous factors are in the modelBest Subsets Regression Idea: gauge all conceivable relapse conditions utilizing every single imaginable mix of autonomous factors Choose the best fit by searching for the most noteworthy balanced R2 and most minimal standard blunder s? Fitness of the Model Diagnostic keeps an eye on the model incorporate confirming the suspicions of various relapse: Each xi is directly identified with y Errors have consistent change Errors are autonomous Error are typically disseminated Residual Analysis The Normality Assumption Errors are thought to be regularly conveyed Standardized residuals can be determined by computerExamine a histogram or an ordinary likelihood plot of the normalized residuals to check for ordinariness Chapter Summary Developed the different relapse model Tested the importance of the numerous relapse model Developed balanced R2 Tested individual relapse coefficients Used sham factors Examined connection in a diff erent relapse model Described nonlinear relapse models D

Rational Anarchism Essays - Anti-capitalism, Anti-fascism

Sound Anarchism The possibility of sound insurgency is the possibility that each person is answerable for their activities. The one individual who is doing the activities. The one in particular who can assume the fault. This is a thought of a character in The Moon is a Harsh Mistress. He accepts that regardless of how it comes down, the individual who the activities is liable for what they did. There are a few situations where I am for this thought and there are a few bodies of evidence were I am against it. I accept that individuals are liable for their activities yet not every one of them. They might be liable for their activities however it wasnt their decision to do the activity. Eventually, the obligation is theirs. On the off chance that you were a pilot that conveyed nukes and the military requested you to drop the bomb on a vulnerable town. On the off chance that you had a family back home that was living off your check and you chose not to bomb the objective, your entire family would need to pay for what you thought was the correct activity. What might the correct decision be? To let your family endure on the grounds that you thought is it wasn't right to bomb a specific spot? This resembles causing somebody to pick between some type of torment, it doesnt truly matter which one you pick, you get injured in some way or another at long last. Another model is the poin t at which you dont realize that what you doing isn't right. Let's assume you experienced childhood with an alternate planet were it was worthy to murder the feeble individuals who had disfigurements. If you somehow happened to migrate to somewhere else were it wasn't right to kill the feeble and you kill an individual the main day you arrive before you pick up anything about any laws or anything. Would that individual be answerable for their activities? He wouldnt the faintest thought of the laws in his new condition. It could have been recently his regular impulses mentioning to him to do what he does at home. I would believe that was nobody's flaw. You could take this point to an extraordinary and inquire as to whether somebody was spellbound. On the off chance that an individual is entranced and he is advised to slaughter somebody, whos issue would that be? In the event that a genuine levelheaded rebellion were to take a gander at a situation like this, I figure they would be astounded at the issue this makes. It couldn't be the keeps an eye on flaw, for he was entranced however he despite everything did the activity of murdering. Be that as it may, the man who entranced him is incompletely to fault, since he spellbound the man and told him to kill somebody. Since the genuine balanced rebel says that you cannot share or split fault, whose shortcoming would it be and why? That is the thing that puzzles me and leaves me halfway for this idea and incompletely against it. I surmise that all individuals are answerable for their activities yet at some point those activities can be affected by different variables, similar to companions, family and managers. This would be much the same as companion pressure: you dont need to yet you are in a manner compelled to regardless of whether you dont relize it. In the event that a supervisor requests that you take a shot at the end of the week, you may not have any desire to yet you realize you will establish a terrible connection on the off chance that you dont. this will very from companion to family however there will be some for of friend strain to cause you to accomplish something you didnt need to do. I do, on the other, hand put stock in certain pieces of Rational turmoil. Individuals are liable for what they do. In the event that I hit my sibling, I would be answerable for what I did. I think there is another piece of objective rebellion: for each activity you do there will be a result. Utilizing the model above, on the off chance that I hit my sibling, he will either hit me back or tell my mother and in any case, I will be harmed or get in a tough situation. I think regardless of what has been done, there will be results, regardless of if the activity is positive or negative. In the event that you accomplish something great you will likely get something great,

Murals of Senior Haus

Murals of Senior Haus Last Friday night at around 2 am I finally got around to visiting the Murals of Senior Haus exhibit in the Wiesner Student Art Gallery in the second floor of the student center. This exhibit was put together by former residents and friends of the Haus (Paula C. 12, Tara E.14, Ru M. 17, Sabrina M. 19, and  Anna B.), which was officially closed to undergraduates in July of 2017. The circumstances surrounding the closure were featured in various news outlets as well as on the blogs (see Joon, me, Sabrina, Allan). Residents and alumni were concerned about the future of the hundreds of murals that decorated the walls of the oldest dorm on campus, so a dedicated group of sympathizers spent summer days photographing the inside of the building in an effort to preserve the years of artwork. Interspersed among the murals are artifacts of the dorms long historyphotographs dating back to 1916, Sport Death memorabilia, old yearbooks. It would almost feel like a museum exhibit if I didnt recognize some of the faces in the pictures. As is MIT tradition, the exhibit was supplemented by a virtual tour of the dorm. x This was a particularly shocking corner for me. I used to walk along Memorial Drive to the Kendall T stop a lot (back in my PNR daze) and this sign was one of my favorite things to pass. I often thought about how long that green metal had been out there; how many people had seen it before me? And yet here it is, detached from its home of decades. x In this corner of the exhibit, past i3 videos (and various other videos produced by Haus residents) played on a loop. x A more complete repository of the murals (including ones not featured in this exhibit) can be found  here. This whole experience was very well put together, and I recommend you read more about it. This community is an important part of what makes MIT unique, and its disappointing (to me, at the very least) how things were handled last summer. However, it is important to recognize that this community did not suddenly die with the closure of its home base. I still see people in their Lambda Sigma Delta shirts on a daily basis. The 2021s talk about it with us. Steer Roast lives on (albeit in a less Institvte-involved way). My favorite response has been Henry Jenkinss Memories of Senior House series (1, 2, 3) on his personal blog. The former head of house really shines a light on what made Senior Haus something to write home about the people. This ordeal has made me appreciate more the memories that I make with other people here, despite the initial shock and sadness of loss. Post Tagged #Senior Haus #Senior House

An Globalized World Burden Of Private Investment Is...

Abstract: There is growing consensus among researchers and academicians that in this globalized world the burden of private investment is increasing over Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Because of a declining trend in public investment the task of capital formation rests over the shoulder of private investment and thus FDI playing a leading role in determining the fate of the economy. The economies receiving more inflow of FDI, are realizing a comparatively high growth and vice-versa. This is also expected to be happen in India. The present paper discusses the relationship between the inflow of FDI and GDP. It has been found that FDI has a positive correlation with GDP. the regression analysis between GDP and FDI of different sectors also supported the same result which shows that FDI inflow in India is playing very important role in determining the size of GDP. Key Word: Foreign Direct Investment, Sustainable Growth, GDP, Farm Production Introduction: The process of planning in India has always been sensitive to the needs of the poor and the plight of excluded from its early days. Government of India sought to solve all the socio-economic problems with the help of rapid and sustained economic growth, because our planners were working with the view that as the size of national income will be high individuals can share more and vice-versa (Hashim, S.R., 2007). Mainly because of this reason economic growth has always been the centre of objectives of India’s Five YearShow MoreRelatedThe Oil And Natural Gas Sector3323 Words   |  14 Pagesconsumption is increasing in India there is a need to add new capacity to meet demand. Globalization had a huge impact on this sector as it bought technological advancements which improved the recovery rate substantially. Through our studies we came to a conclusion that there is a vast opportunity to increase domestic oil refining which will eventually be a boom for refineries and distribution companies. This could be achieved through following strategic actions like approving 100 percent foreign ownershipRead MoreSouth East Asian Crisis2585 Words   |  11 Pagesthe face of a severe financial overextension that was in part real estate driven. At the time, Thailand had acquired a burden of foreign debt that made the country effectively bankrupt even before the collapse of its currency. As the crisis spread, most of Southeast Asia and Japan saw slumping currencies, devalued stock markets and other asset prices, and a precipitous rise in private debt. Though there has been general agreement on the existence of a crisis and its consequences, the exact reasons ofRead MoreImpact of Globalization and Bangladesh18126 Words   |  73 PagesApproved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington HeadquartersRead MoreGlobalization and Its Impact on Marketing Strategies5001 Words   |  21 Pagesperformance. To better capture global opportunities, firms tend to cooperate with other firms to capitalize on and leverage their limited resources since it is impossible for one firm to â€Å"do it all and go it alone. Similarly, in order to cope with increasing global competitive threats, firms are likely to form alliances .Based on the classical industrial organization perspective—the market power, firms form a lliances to reduce competition and uncertainty. Through such cooperation, companies gain marketRead MoreAN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THE MINING SECTOR IN NIGERIA15805 Words   |  64 Pagesto estimate the environmental impact of Foreign Direct Investment in the mining sector in Nigeria. It is argued that only those countries that have reached a certain income level can absorb new technologies and benefit from technology diffusion, and thus reap the extra advantages that FDI can offer. The mining industry in Nigeria is dominated by oil. Indeed, Nigeria is the largest producer of this commodity in Africa and sixth largest producers in the world. This research study makes use of secondaryRead MoreIndustrial Relations Practices5039 Words   |  21 Pagesthe state and business community in Ghana had varied since independence. Though each government has had distinct relations with business and private sectors, civilian governments have ge nerally promoted and enjoyed good rapport with the business community while military governments especially in the 1980s have tended to have confrontations with the private sector. Their study used a multi-disciplinary approach that included both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the disciplines of politicalRead MoreImpact of Globalization on Indian Education3068 Words   |  13 Pagescultural fabrics of all societies.We live in an intensely interdependent world in which all immense differences of culture and historical experience are compressed together in instant communication. The international transactions in services are defined as the economic output of intangible commodities that may be produced, transferred and consumed at the same time. Traditionally services are viewed as domestic activities due to direct contact between producer and consumer and government monopoly in infrastructureRead MoreExport Import Marketing in Bangladesh16064 Words   |  65 Pagesgrowth of national wealth. Increased production in export sectors may become the prime mover in the development cycle in a densely populate of Bangladesh like our as this will generate employment opportunities which in turn will generate savings and investment on consequent flow of capital. The prime national objective of poverty alleviation will thus be materialized. Our export trade is featured by the dominance of a few commodities in a narrow market. Such dependence on at limited number of export itemsRead MoreNegative Effect of Globalization in the Philippine Economy4768 Words   |  20 Pagestheir own potential and opportunities for international business  as well as investment. Whats more, as a result of globalization governments all over the world worked towards the elimination of limitations to business and trade of goods and services across the world. With these new opportunities having hit the global economies so hard, industries took advantage by constructing new business corporations in foreign markets with their associates. This gave international trade and business andRead MoreLeather Industry in Pakistan17708 Words   |  71 Pagesof them the use of hi-tech for quality products and availability of skilled manpower to cater to the needs of the world market are also severe challenges to the industry. INTRODUCTION HISTORY Pakistan’s leather industry has grown gradually over the last 5 decades. The first 25 years saw the development and export of semi-processed leathers, which did not, required much investment and technology. Expertise was required in the purchase of raw hides and skins and a reliable supply chain Mechanism

James M. Cain s Mildred Pierce - 765 Words

The process of converting a work of art from one medium to another often requires a significant alteration of the content to fit the form and standards of the new medium. Adapted from 300-page novel to a 2-hour movie, Michael Curtiz’s Mildred Pierce is a prime example of a loose Hollywood adaption that makes drastic changes in characters, narrative configurations, and framing structure to conform to the standards and expectations of American cinema. Most ostensibly, the movie employs murder as a framing device and a hook to draw the audience’s attention to Mildred’s story, therefore transforming the linear, chronological plot of the novel into an episodic and achronological one. As a result, in Curtiz’s film adaptation of James M. Cain’s Mildred Pierce, we see several plot points in the story abbreviated and diminished, and many of the themes in the novel either lost or reduced. Both versions of Mildred Pierce depict the struggle of a woman during the post-Depression era to become independent after separating from her husband. In the book as well as the movie, Mildred’s actions and trials are a result of her desire to please Veda. She struggles to find a job and hustles to keep her restaurant business together to become financially independent so she can afford Veda the lavish lifestyle she craves. Near the beginning of the movie, we see a heartbroken Mildred who just discovered that the dress she has worked so hard to buy for Veda is nothing more to her than just a rag.Show MoreRelatedJames M. Cain s Mildred Pierce And The Movie Version ``896 Words   |  4 Pagesdisloyalty to the original author and readers. However, in 1945 Warner Bros. produced the movie Mildred Pierce based on the same name novel written by James M. Cain. This film not only became an exception in this general view, but also amazed the audience and even Cain himself by extraord inary performances and unique edit technique and literary point of view. There are a few distinctions between Cain’s Mildred Pierce and the movie version, mostly with the ingenious use of different point of views in severalRead More Themes in the Novel and Movie Adaptation of James Cain’s Mildred Pierce1573 Words   |  7 PagesAdaptation of James Cain’s Mildred Pierce In contemporary film making, â€Å"Hollywood-ization† generally refers to the re-creation of a classic work in a form more vulgar and sexually explicit than the original in an effort to boost movie attendance. After all, sex and violence sell. However, from the mid-1930’s to the 1950’s, â€Å"Hollywood-ization† referred to the opposite case where controversial books had to be purified to abide by the Production Code of 1934.[1] This occurred to many of James Cain’sRead More James M. Cains Novel Mildred Pierce: Comparing the Book and Movie Version869 Words   |  4 PagesJames M. Cains Novel Mildred Pierce: Comparing the Book and Movie Version Mildred Pierce is one of the greatest novels written by James M. Cain. After the success of the novel, the Hollywood film came out, produced by Jerry Wald. The novel and the movie are very different from each other. â€Å"James M. Cain sent several letters of complaint to producer Jerry Wald, objecting to the changes Wald wanted to make, especially the dramatic idea of making Veda a washout musically and putting her inRead MoreThe Studio System Essay14396 Words   |  58 Pagescomplete control over design decisions, the personnel of the department, the assignment of tasks, and the attribution of credit. In the autocratic system that prevailed at MGM Gibbons had complete control. According to the director, Pandro S. Berman, He was the most influential person on the lot except for the owners, Nick Schenk in New York and Louis B. Mayer in Culver City (Affron 17). Gibbons was nominated for the Academy Award for Art Direction 40 times. He received

Symbols Hills Like White Elephants Free Essays

Martin Chi English 102 Essay #2 Professor Crawford Hills like White Elephants In â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†, Ernest Hemingway, does not reveal the source of conflict between the young man and young woman in the story, but it is implied that the conflict is centered on the decision of abortion. The goal of the man in the story is to convince the young woman to have an abortion procedure. The goal of the young woman is to do whatever it takes to make her partner happy and thus preserve their relationship. We will write a custom essay sample on Symbols Hills Like White Elephants or any similar topic only for you Order Now The three main symbols are the hills, the white elephants and the rail road station. In the story, Jig looked at hills and said, â€Å" They looked like white elephants. † The man replied, â€Å" I’ve never seen one. † Then she replied, â€Å"No, you wouldn’t have. † (line 9-11). The hills symbolize the big obstacles that we must climb, but are not enormous mountains. This represents the fact that the girl’s baby is a major obstacle in her life, but ti is not the end of her life and she will make it through. Hills are also viewpoints to look out from, but also block the view for those in the valley. This represent how in the story Jig looks at the hills and sees opportunity, yuet at the same time the man looks at it and sees his vision of a positive and happy future blocked by the enormous obstacle of a child. Hills are also beautiful, natural and completely stationary. This shows that the baby will make them settle down and stay together. The author uses hills because pregnant mothers belly is a bit a hill itself. Being pregnant ties the mother down and makes her less mobile and more stationary. The element of the white elephant is symbolic of the baby. A white elephant is a precious item that has a cost which perhaps surpasses it usefulness. Jig has received a gift which is, at this time in her life, useless to her. It is a gift that could be priceless to another. The white elephant also symbolizes the fact that the man said he has never seen white elephants before. This is because he is not open to considering the possibility of keeping the child and wants the girl to have the abortion procedure. The rail road is symbolic of being at the crossroads of life during a time of crisis. The American man and the girl cannot stay at the station forever. They are travelling and there will be change. There must be a decision of where to go next. All of this is symbolic of the decision to keep the child or not. All travelling has a cost and so does the outcome of this decision. To either keep or abort the child is a costly decision. The young woman, Jig, shows herself to be very dependent upon her male counterpart throughout the story. She asks for his input on even the simplest of tasks, such as the choice and number of her beverages. Her behavior can be interpreted to be a sign of insecurity more than anything else. Jig trusts his judgment, feels secure in his company and seems willing to do anything to keep him around. When pushed on the issue of the operation, Jig shows no real concern for her own health or mental well-being, stating categorically, â€Å"I don’t care about me. † Jig’s main concern is whether or not she can make her partner happy so that they will â€Å"Be all right and be happy. It is doubtful that Jig went through with the procedure with a clear conscience, which is why she was so insistent that they would not discuss the matter any further. â€Å" Hills Like White Elephants† is a story about crisis. The American man and Jig the girl have a decision to make and there is no easy way out. Even making no decision is a decision. We all can easily relate to being in thi s type of situation. Hemingway, Ernest. â€Å" Hills Like White Elephant† . † The Norton Introduction to Literature. New York: W. W. Norton , 2010. 117-18. Print How to cite Symbols Hills Like White Elephants, Essay examples

Elasticity of Consumption of Unhealthy Foods †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Elasticity of Consumption of Unhealthy Foods. Answer: Introduction: It is seen that in order to improve health of consumers in the economy it is necessary that the government impose taxes or subsidy on the right goods to help people curb their consumption of unhealthy foods. Elasticity of demand pays a crucial role in helping the government decide the types of food they will impose taxes or subsidy this is because elasticity of demand tells the degree of effect on demand with a change in price of the goods. The demand for inelastic goods will not change with a change in price. On the other hand, demand for elastic goods gets affected to greater extent to slight change in price. Thus, in the particular scenario it is seen that some of the categories of dairy products and fruits and vegetable of higher calorie has high elasticity of demand while others low calorie fruits and vegetable have low elastic demand. Similarly, some of the high calories grains also have high elasticity of demand while low calories grain has low elasticity of demand. Thus, the government can increase the price of high calorie goods that has higher calorie, which will change the demand significantly. Similarly, it can lower the price of healthy and low calorie foods with higher elasticity so that with low prices the demand increases drastically. Figure 1: increase in government spending From the above diagram, it can be seen that by increasing total government spending in the economy, there will be an increase in money supply. This can be seen by a rightward shift in the LM curve from LM to LM1. With an increase in LM curve and money supply in the economy there will be more money in the hand of the people. This increases the savings of the customers shifting the IS curve to the right from IS to IS1. Increase in money supply initially leads to an increase in interest rate in the economy, which increases investment. Thus, such an effect for the temporary period until the IS curve does not shift and adjust the interest rate helps in increasing economic activity in the economy. During recession automatic stabilizers act in the economy in the form of increasing budget deficit automatically in the economy by reduction in corporate tax, low tax revenue from progressive taxes and others. Taxes from corporate profit reduce at the time of recession and low tax liability on the rich people during recession. This makes it necessary for the government to intervene with required fiscal policy. This is because a change in fiscal policy will stabilize the changing condition of the economy during recession such as increasing corporate tax or changing the type of taxes charged. Thus, separating fiscal policy from automatic changes will lead to the fall in economic condition further. Fiscal contraction that is ignored in the respective debate can be used to improve macroeconomic performances because with a contraction in fiscal policy such as increasing tax and lowering spending of the government the economy can curb wasteful spending on programs. This will lower interest rate, accelerate the rate of real investment, and reduce crowding out effect. This in turn leads to an increase in the national income of the economy. This is done because the spending on programs is not an investment and will not lead to addition to GDP of the country. Thus turning the spending from such programs to useful private investment will increase national income. Monetary policy as compared to fiscal policy work quickly on the economy as it directly effects the money market. This can be seen as with expansionary monetary policy the money supply increases in the economy and this leads to a fall in the interest rate. A fall in the interest rate leads to a fall in the investment as investment becomes less profitable. However, the effect is fast because it directly hits the money market, which allows the consumers to react quickly on it. On the other hand, fiscal policy takes time to put its effect on the economy. Thus, expansionary monetary policy is better than the fiscal policy.